The non-trivial phase structure of the eigenstates of many-body quantum systems severely limits the applicability of quantum Monte Carlo, variational, and machine learning methods. Here, we study real ...

The quantum alternating operator ansatz (QAOA) 1, and the predecessor quantum approximate optimization algorithm 2,3, is a quantum algorithm that is intended to be a heuristic solver of combinatorial ...

The Ising model, when used as a technique, refers to a computational and analytical framework for studying systems of binary variables with pairwise interactions, typically on a lattice or graph, via ...